CONDITIONAL
STATEMENTS (If/else)
Conditional statements in a program are set of statements
written to check certain conditions. These are quite simple to implement, as
they use the keywords ‘if’, ‘else’ and also ‘else if’ sometimes, which makes
them as similar to a verbal communication. So let’s see the basic syntax of an
if-else statement.
Syntax:
if (condition ) {
}
else {
}
So in the above syntax we can see that first we check a
certain condition (after the keyword ‘if’) and if it’s true, we’ll execute the
statements within the curly braces followed by the condition and if the
condition is false then the compiler will execute the statements within the
curly braces after the ‘else’ keyword.
So let’s understand with an example.
Ex:
import java.util.*;
public class Conditional_Statements
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num = -3;
if(num<0) {
System.out.println("Your number is
negative");
}
else {
System.out.println("Your number is
positive");
}
}
}
//Output: Your number is negative
If
else can be manipulated and used in different ways since it doesn’t provide any
kind of limitations to the user. Similarly it’s not that we can only use the
keywords ‘if’ or ‘else’ only once in our code at a time. See the example below
to see where can we use ‘if’ and ‘else
keywords more than once in our code what difference it makes.
import java.util.*;
public class Conditional_Statements {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num = -3;
if(num<0) {
System.out.println("Your number is
negative");
}
if (num<-2)
{
System.out.println("Your number is smaller than
-2");
}
else {
System.out.println("Your number is
positive");
}
}
}
So in above example we can see that there are
two ‘if’ keywords used, and thus in this case irrespective of the fact that the
first condition is true or false , the second condition (after the second ‘if’
keyword) will be checked.
If-else Ladder
In the if-else ladder we can filter out a
specific result or output using bunch of if-else statements. This is used
generally if are output needs to go through a number of checks under number of
conditions, so let’s understand its implementation with an example.
import java.util.*;
public class Conditional_Statements {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num = 7;
if(num%2==0
&& num!=0) {
System.out.println("Your number is even and
non-zero");
}
else if (num==1 || num %2 ==1 ) {
System.out.println("Your number is odd");
}
else if (num<0) {
System.out.println("Your number is
negative");
}
else {
System.out.println("Your number is zero");
}
}
}
/*Your number is odd
*/
In the above example the first condition is
checked (after the ‘if’ keyword) and then, only if the condition is false, the
conditions after the remaining ‘else if’ keywords will be checked. This means
that if any of the condition after an ‘ else if’ is true only that body of code will be
executed which is there followed by the condition. And if all the above
conditions will be false the body of code after the ‘else’ keyword will be
executed.
Nesting of Conditional
Statements
Nesting of conditional statements or if else
statements means that we our writing a conditional statement inside a
conditional statement.
Ex:
import java.util.*;
public class Conditional_Statements {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num = 0;
if(num>0) {
if(num%2==0) {
System.out.println("Your
number is even ");
}
else if (num==1 || num %2 ==1 ) {
System.out.println("Your number is odd");
}
}
else if(num<=0) {
if(num==0) {
System.out.println("Your number is zero");
}
else {
System.out.println("Your number is
negative");
}
}
}
}
Hope you are clear on this topic do read our more articles on JAVA LANGUAGE.
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This article is SUBMITTED By : Pranjal Rai
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