All about OOPs | OOPs concepts for beginners | C++ | Object Oriented Language | Coding Winds

   OOPS

Conventional programming, using high level languages such a C, FORTRAN, etc. are commonly known as Procedure-Oriented Programming(POP). In the procedure-oriented approach, the problem is viewed as a sequence of things to be done such as reading, calculating and printing.

Procedure-Oriented Programming basically consists of writing a list of instructions for the computer to follow, and organize these instructions into groups known as functions. While we concentrate on the development of functions very less attention is given to the data being used in various functions.

While, Object-Oriented Programming(OOP) treats data as a critical element in the program development and does not allow it to flow freely around the system. It ties data more closely to the function that operate on it, and protects it from accidental modification from outside functions. The major factor in the invention of OOP is to remove some of the flaws encountered in the procedural approach.

OOP allows decomposition of a problem into a number of entities called “objects” and then builds data and functions around these objects. The data of an object can be accessed only by the functions associated with that object. However, functions of one object can access the functions of other objects.

Some of the main features of Object-Oriented Programming are :

        1.    Emphasis is on data rather than procedure

        2.    Programs are divided into what are known as objects.

        3.    Data Structures are designed such that they characterize the objects.

        4.    Data is hidden and cannot be accessed by external functions.

        5.    Objects may communicate with each other through functions.

        6.    Follows bottom-up approach in program design.

It is necessary to get familiar with the following concepts, before moving further in OOPs. 

        1.    Objects and Classes

        2.    Data Abstraction and Encapsulation

        3.    Inheritance

        4.    Polymorphism

        5.    Dynamic Binding

        6.    Message Passing

We shall study these in detail, then only we can go deep into any OOP based language.

 

We are coming with a series of posts regarding various data structures and their implementations in c++. Do subscribe to our daily blog update by clicking here.

 

We want to acknowledge, book "Object Oriented Programming with C++" by E Balagurusamy, this book helped us alot during our research for this article, also this is the best one for understanding the basic concepts of OOPs, we personally recommend you to go for this, check it out by clicking here.

Hope all your doubts regarding this are clear now.

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